Photographic shutter.



No. 668,965. mm FBI]. 26. 190:. L. J. vo6T.

PHOTOGBAPHIG SHUTTER.

(A i'imm filed June a, 1000.)

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Patntad Feb. 26, mm.

L. J. VOGT.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

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(Application file d Juno 9, 1900.)

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-No. 668,965. Patented Feb. 26, l90l.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orricnz.

LOUIS .I. VOGT, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO VOGT OPTICALCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PHOTOGRAPHIG SHUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 668,965, dated February26, 1901.

Application filed June 9, 1900. Serial No. 19,750. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, Louis J. Voer, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe, in the State of NewYork, have invented an Improved Photographic Shutter, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings. My invention relates to certain improve- :0 ments in theconstruction and operation of photographic shutters, which improvementsare fully described and illustrated in the following specification andthe accompanying drawings, the novel features thereof being specified inthe claims annexed to the said specification.

In the accompanying drawings, representing my improved shutter, Figure 1is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a side view as seen from the right handin Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a rear elevation, the rear plate being omitted,showing the bladesin the open position. Fig. 4is a rear elevation, therear plate and the blades being omitted. Fig. 5 is a front elevation ofthe plate orsupportforthehead. Fig.6isasideviewof the same as seen fromthe right. Fig. 7 is a front elevation,the front plaiebeing omitted;Fig. 8 is a central vertical section. Figs. 9and 10 represent the maindriving-lever and the 0 pivoted dog in different positions as seen fromthe rear. Fig. 11 is a front elevation, the front plate being omitted,showing the shutter set for an exposure. Fig. 12 is a similar view afteran exposure. Fig. 13 rep- 5 resents the release-lever as seen from theinside. Fig. 14 is a top view of the same. Fig. I

15 is a partial front elevation showing the parts in the unset position.Fig. 16 represents the same parts in the set position. Fig. 17represent-s the same duringa time exposure at the first contact of theswinging arm with the pin on the releasing-lever. Fig. 18 is a rearelevation of the disk for changing from time to bulb or instantaneousexposures. 5 Fig. li is an edge view of the same. Fig. 20

is a rear elevation of the adjustable swinging lever for time and bulbexposures. Fig. 21 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 22 represents theparts during a time exposure, showing the position the parts occupy nextafter the position indicated in Fig. 17.

Fig.

23 represents the parts in the position they occupy after a timeexposure. Fig. 24 represents the retarding-lever and connection. Fig. 25represents the lever of the retarding device as seen from the rear. Fig.26 is a top view of the same. Fig. 27 is a partial front view, theretarding-cam being omitted. Fig. 28 is a top view of the front support.Fig. 29 represents the disk and eccentric for adjusting the retardingdevice. Fig. 30 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 31 represents theretarding device in operation. Fig.

32 represents the same at the end of an exposure. Fig. 33 represents thepointer or indicator. Fig. 34 is a rear elevation. Fig. 35 is a frontview represenling the parts during a bulb exposure. Fig. 36 is a frontview representing the parts during an instantaneous exposure.

My improved shutter is provided with a cylindrical casing A, havingfront and rear plates 13 and O, carrying tubes D D for the lenses.

E is the setting-lever, which is shifted from right to left to compressthe operating-spring, (see Figs. 1, 4, and 11,) and F the catch orthumb-piece which operates the release-lever.

G represents the pump for operating the shutter from a bulb, and II thecylinder of the retarding device.

I is a lever for adjusting the iris-diaphragm, and J a lever which holdsthe blades open during the operation of focusing.

K is a septum placed within the casing, and there is an additionalseptum K, Fig. 5, which still further prevents extraneous light frompassing through the casing. The perforated exposing-blades L L, Figs. 1,3, 4, and S, are

pivoted to the rear side of the septum at M M, 0

Fig. 3. The leaves L L receive a vibrating motion from the oscillatinglever N, which is caused to vibrate by the actuatingarm or ring 0, Figs.7, 8, 9, and 10. I

P, Figs. 3, 4, and 8, is the operating-spring, 5

which opens the leaves, the spring Q, Fig. 4, being used to close themand to hold them closed. The septum K, Fig. 8, in the rear of theblades, serves to support the iris-diaphragm R. It may be attached tothe rear plate 0 by screws and washers. The ends of the vibrating leverN are connected with the blades L L by the pivoted links S S, Fig. 1-. 1driving lever. The spring P imparts the The spring Q is secured near itscenter to the diaphragm K in any suitable manner, and its free ends bearagainst lugs on the links S S to give the blades the requisite movementfor closing, to take up any lost motion, and to prevent their jarringopen. The lever N is pivoted at T, Figs. 4 and S, to the septum, and thepin or screw U, Figs. 1 and 7, passes through a slotted opening in theseptum and attaches the arm 0 to the vibrating lever N. When thesetting-lever E swings from left to right under the in iiuence of thespring P, (see Figs. 9 and 11,) the dog V of the driving-lever (shown inthe rear views, Figs. 9 and 10) acts on the upper end of the arm 0 andforces it down, so as to vibrate the lever N by the pin U. The upper endof the ring is guided by a pin or screw WV, Figs. 7 and 8, passingthrough a slot in the septum. The dog V is pivoted at X to the maindriving-lever, being provided wit-h a spring Y, which permits the dog toswing when the shutter is being set, but holds the arm Z on the dogagainst the boss on the lever during the exposure, so that the dogcannot turn, and therefore imparts the proper motion to the arm or ring0. The construetion and operation will be readily understood trom Figs.9 and 10,which are rear views. In Fig. 10 the driving-lever, swinging inthe direction of the arrow, causes thedog to push the arm 0 inward ordownward, thereby operating the lever N and opening the blades.

In order to provide for holding the blades open for focusing, the leverJ is pivoted to the septum at A, Fig. 7, and it is provided with lateralarm A which bears against a lug A on the arm 0. By swinging the lowerend of the lever J toward the right in Fig. '7 the arm A draws the lug Adownward, shifting the position of the ring and the lever N and openingthe blades, so that the light can pass freely through the lens. Thelever J is made to move with friction sufficient to withstand the pullof the spring Q, Fig. 4, so that the blades will remain open until thelever is swung back to its normal position. This movement of the arm 0produced by the lever J does not in any way interfere with the otherparts of the shutter. Thus whether the shutter be set for time, bulb, orinstantaneous exposures the blades can be opened and held open anyrequisite time by the lever J without changing or interfering in any waywith the mechanism by which the shutter is set for the differentexposures mentioned. The lever J may also be used for making exposuresby a flash-light.

The support B for the head of the shutter is attached to the septum K orthe rear plate in any suitable manner and carries astud B on which themain driving-lever and other parts are supported. The operating-springP, Figs. 3, 4, and 8, is coiled around a stud B in the support 13, andits free end bears upon a pin B, which passes through a curved slot inthe support and is'inserted in the main movement to the lever carryingthe dog V, which operates the arm 0 to open the blades. The unsetposition of the spring and stud B is represented in Fig. s1, while inFig. 3 these parts are shown in mid-position. A head or cap B Figs. 8and 34, maybe used to protect the spring. It will be understood, however, that any other suitable type of spring may be employed for thispurpose.

Proceeding now to a description of the releasing mechanism, this will beunderstood from Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 1st. The disk or driving-lever isprovided with a pin 0, which engages with a bent flexible hook O on thereleasing-lever F. The releasing-lever is pivoted to the septum at F andits free end is connected with the plunger G of the pump G. \Vhen air isforced into the pump, the plunger G rises and elevates the releasinglever F from the position of Fig. 11 to that of Fig. 12, and thismovement carries the bent end of the hook 0 above the pin C, allowingthe pin 0 to escape from engagement there with by passing under it andpermitting the d riving-lever to shift from the set position of Fig. 11to the unset position of Fig. 12, this movement operating the arm 0 andthe blades, as already described, in consequence of the action of thedog V on the arm. During the setting operation the bent end of the hookO springs outward, so as to allow the pin 0' to pass behind it. Anexposure may also be secured by pressing the thumb-piece F, which ispivoted to the septum at F, Fig. 7, and provided with a spring F, bywhich its inner end is given a tendency downward. The catch F isprovided with a lug F Figs. 7 and 11, which projects into a slot in thereleasing-lever F. By this arrangement the depression of the outer endof the catch F raises the releasing-lever and disengages the pin C fromthe hook 0 as already described. The mechanism already described is thatwhich is used for securing instantaneous exposures either t'romabulborby depressingthe thumb-piece. To produce bulb exposuresthat is,exposures where the blade remains open as long as the pressure ismaintained on the bulb or the thumb-piece held in the depressed positionI employ the devices represented in Figs. 2, 8, 2t), 21, and 35, whichlast figure represents the position of the parts during a bulb exposure,the blades being open and the releasinglever F elevated, so that the pin1 thereon arrests the movement of the adjustable swinging lever J andthe thumbpiece F being depressed. There is a lug H, Figs. 20 and 21, onthe lower end of the lever J, which makes contact with the pin I whenthe releasing-lever is elevated and holds the blades open by preventingthe further movement of the lever until the releasing-lever isdepressed, thereby disengaging the pin 1 from the lug H, thus permittingthe blades to closethat is, so long as the pressure is maintained on thebulb or on the thumb-piece the blades will be held open. The action ofthe operatii'ig-spring P is arrested while the lug H is in contact withthe pin 1. The lever J is compelled to swing with the driving-lever bythe pin N, inserted in the driving-lever and passing through a slot inthe swinging lever. This slot 0, Fig. 20, is made curved to keep thelever as near radial as possible, notwithstanding the action of theeccentric P, on which the lever is mounted, on the stud B The eccentricis mounted on the rear side of a disk Q, Figs. 8, 15,18, and 19, whichdisk is arranged to rotate on the stud B so that the eccentric P canmove the lever J radially in and out, thus changing the shutter frominstantaneous to time or bulb exposures. The front of the disk Q isprovided with suitable marks adapted to show to the operator for whatkind of an exposure the shutter is set. By turning the disk the lever Jis moved radially in or out, sliding on the pin N in the slot O. lVhenthe lever J is drawn inward as far as possible, the shutter is set forinstantaneous exposures, the lever swinging without makiugcontactwiththe pin I. When the lever swings inits partially-projected position, itis arrested by the pin 1 in the position represented in Fig. 35, thusproducinga bulb exposure.

For time exposures the lever J is fully projected, so that the inner lugR, Figs. 17, 20, and 21, at first makes contact with the pin 1 on thereleasing-lever; but as soon as the releasing-lever has returned to itsnormal position the pin 1 is disengaged from the lug R, the lever Jmoves onward slightly, but is then arrested the second time by the lug Hcoming in contact with the pin I, in which position the blades willremain open until the pin 1 is released from the lug H by another upwardmovement of the releasing-lever, which raises the pin 1 above the lug Hand allows the lever to travel onward and the blades to close, the lug Hpassing below the pin 1. The position of the parts during a timeexposure, when the releasinglever is down and the pin 1 engaged with thelug H, is represented in Fig. 22. Fig. 23 represents the position of theparts at the end of a time exposure, the releasing-lever being shownstill elevated. In order to permit the return movement of the lever J,the pin I is made to slide through the releasing-lever by theconstruction shown in Figs. 13 and 14. T is a spring attached .to therear side of the releasing-lever by screws T T The pin 1 is inserted inthe free end of the spring and reaches through the lever, being beveledon its front end. During the operation of setting the shutter the lug Hpresses the pin 1 inward and passes over it, the spring T yielding topermit this operation. The lug F on the thumb-piece F passes through aslotted opening U in the spring T to engage with aslot in thereleasing-lever. (See Figs. 11 and 12.)

It remains to describe the retarding device, which consists of a cam E,arranged to swing on the eccentric V on the disk W, arranged to rotateon the stud E the retarding-lever X, and the pump H and the plungerZ.The operation of the retarding device will be best understood from Figs.31 and 32, in the first of which the curved edge of the cam is shown incontact with the pin Y, inserted in the lever X, which is in itselevated position. As the cam moves on from right to left in Fig. 31 itgradually depresses the leverX,forcing the plunger Z downward in thecylinder H. The air escapes from the cylinder gradually through anopening D Fig. 1, in the lower end, which opening may be provided withany suitable valve adapted to permit only the gradual escape of the air.The lower end of the plunger Z is provided with a suitable packing, andthe valve may consist of a soft rubber inserted in a recess in the lowerend of the pump H, which recess is closed bya screw-plug at the lowerend of the pump, having a dischargepassage D formed through it. Theretarding-cam is caused to swing by the pin N, which also operates thelever J. As shown in Fig. 31, the cam E is provided with a curved slot Ewhich receives the pin N. When the retarding device is used, the lengthof the exposure will depend upon the point where the cam makes contactwith the pin Y. The cam may be withdrawn inward, so that it swingswithout making contact with the pin Y, in which condition the shutterwill operate at its quickest speed. As the cam E is moved radiallyoutward by the eccentric V the duration of the exposure will beincreased until the longest exposure will be secured when the curvededge of the cam is i in contact with the pin for the whole or nearly thewhole of its swinging motion.

W, Figs. 29, 30, and 32, is a rotatable disk supported by the stud 13which carries the eccentric V, which supports the cam A. This disk isprovided with one or more knobs G by which it is rotated to adjust theposition of the cam radially. The edge of this disk may be provided withanysuitable marks adapted to indicate the time of an exposure, and acircular series of holes or notches H Fig. 32, is made in the front sideof the disk W, and a point 1 Fig. 2, on a plate J Figs. 1, 2, and 8,attached to the front plate, engages with any one of the holes 1-1 andserves to hold the disk W in any position in which it may be set. Thepointer K Figs. 1, 2, S, and 33, is attached to the stud B and serves toindicate the speed of the shutter in accordance with the marks on thedisk WV and also prevents the disk from turning during the operation ofthe shutter. The plate J is attached to the front of the shutter in anysuitable manner. The forward end of the stud B is supported by a plate Ll, 2, and 28, which plate is also provided with a point M which engageswith a series of holes N Fig. 15, in the change-disk Q, so as to holdthis disk in any position in which it may be set,with marks indicatingtime, bulb, or instantaneous exposures showing through a notch in theupper edge of the support L (See the sectional view, Fig. 8.) Thesupport L is provided with a curved slot to permit the movement of thestud N, and it is attached to the casing A in any suitable manner.

In order to provide for raising the plunger Z in the pump H, I employthe connection 0 Figs. 24, 25, and 26, and a screw or pin P, Fig. 2%, isinserted in the disk of the driving-lever, passing through a slot in theconnection 0 The retarding-lever X is pivoted to the casing on asuitable lug Q Figs. 31 and 32, and when the setting-lever is shiftedfrom right to left to set the shutter the pin P moves upward in the slotin the connection 0 and raises the retarding-lever from the positionshown in Fig. to the position shown in Fig. 3i, so that the pin Y isbrought into position to contact with the edge of the retarding-cam asit swings toward the left during an exposure. The support L is providedwith a curved slot R Figs. 27 and 31, with which a stud S on thechanging-disk engages, so as to limit the adjustment which may be givento the disk.

I claim-- 1. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing,apertnred blades pivoted in said casing, and means for vibrating saidblades to open and close the same; of an independent leverarranged toopen the blades and hold them open for focusing, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, apertured blades pivoted in said casing, means for opening said blades, and aspring for closing the blades; of an independent lever arranged to openthe blades and hold them open for focusing, substantially as described.

3. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, apertured blades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivoted insaid casing and connected with said blades, and a spring connected withsaid lever for closing the blades; of an independent lever adapted toopen the blades and hold them open for focusing, substantially asdescribed.

-l. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing,apertured blades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivotedin said casingand connected with said blades, means for opening saidblades, and a spring connected with said lever for closing the blades;of an independent lever adapted to open the blades and hold them openfor tocusing, substantially as described.

5. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, aperturedblades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivoted in saidcasing, links pivoted to the ends of said lever and to the blades, meansfor opening said blades, and a spring for closing the blades; of anindependent lever adapted to open the blades and hold them open forfocusing, substantially as described.

6. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, apertured blades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivoted in thecasing and connected with the blades, a curved bar connected with thesaid lever for opening the blades, and a spring for closing the blades;of an independent lever adapted to move said bar to open said blades andhold them open for focusing, substantially as described.

7. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the casing, apertu redblades pivoted in said casing and means for moving said blades toproduce instantaneous exposures; of an independentleveradapted to opensaid blades and hold them open for focusing, substantially as described.

8. In a photographic shutter, the combination withthe casing, aperturedblades )ivotcd in said casing, a curved bar extending across said casingand arranged to actuate said blades, and means for moving said blades toproduce instantaneous exposures; of an independent lever adapted toengage said curved bar to open the blades and hold them open forfocusing, substantially as described.

9. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing, aperturedblades pivoted in said casing, a curved bar extending across said casingand arranged to actuate said blades, means for moving said bar to opensaid blades, and a spring for closing said blades; of an independentlever arranged to engage said bar to open said blades and hold them openfor focusing, substantially as described.

lO. In a photographic sh utter, the combination with the casing,apertured blades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivotedin said casing and connected with said blades, and a spring for closinthe blades; ofa curved bar extending across the casing and connectedwith said vibrating lever, and means for actuating said curved bar toopen said blades, substantially as described.

11. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing,apertured blades pivoted in said casing, a vibrating lever also pivotedin said casing and connected with said blades, and a spring forclosingthe blades; of a curved bar'extending across the casingandconnected with said vibrating lever, a spring-actuated driving-lever,and a spring-actuated dog on said driving-lever, adapted to engage saidcurved bar and open said blades when the driving-lever moves in onedirection, substantially as described.

12. In a photographic shutter, the combination with theexposingmechanism; of a springactuated driving-lever for operating said canposing mechanism, a pin 0 on said lover, a releasing-lever having ayielding hook adapt- IIO ed to engage said pin C, and a pivotedthumbpiece arranged to operate the releasing-lever, substantially asdescribed.

13. In a photographic shutter, the combina tion with the exposingmechanism of a springactuated driving lever for operating saidmechanism, a pin G and a stud N on said driving-lever, aradially-adjustable stop-arm pivoted eccentrically with relation to thedriving-lever, and guided on the said stud N, lugs on the stop-arm, anda releasing-lever having a yielding hook to engage the pin C and a pinto engage the lugs on the stop-arm, substantially as described.

14:. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism; of a spindle on the said casing, a springactuateddriving-lever mounted onsaid spindle and arranged to act uate theexposing mechanism, a pin and a stud N on said drivinglever, a changedisk having an eccentric mounted on said spindle, a stop-arm mounted onsaid eccentric and guided on the stud N and having lugs on its outerend, a releasinglever having a yielding hook to engage the pin C, ayielding pin on said releasing lever to engage the lugs on the arm, andmeans for operating said releasing-lever, substantially as described.

15. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a spring-actuated driving-lever pivoted in the saidcasing and adapted to actuate the exposing mechanism, and having a studN, means for holding said driving-lever when set, and means forreleasing the same; of a retarding-cam pivoted eccentrically withrelation to the said driving-lever, and guided on the stud N, aretarding-lever having a stud to engage the retarding-cam, a plungerconnected with said retarding-lever, and a cylinder to receive saidplunger, said cylinder having a restricted aperture for the escape ofair, substantially as described.

16'. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a spring-actuated driving-lever pivoted in the saidcasing and adapted to actuate the exposing mechanism, and having a studN, means for holding said driving-lever when set, and means forreleasing the same; of a retarding-cam pivoted eccentric-ally withrelation to the said driving-lever, and guided on the stud N, aretarding-lever having a stud to engage the retarding-cam, and apneumatic retarding device connected with said retarding-lever,substantially as described.

17. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a spindle on the said casing, a springactuateddriving lever mounted on said spindle, and arranged to actuate theexposing mechanism, a stud N on said driving-lever; ofa disk W providedwith an eccentric mounted on the said spindle, a retarding-cam mountedon said eccentric and guided by the stud N, a retardinglever having astud adapted to engage said retarding-cam, and a pneumatic retardingdevice connected with said retarding-lever, substantially as described.

18. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a. spindle on the said casing, a springactuateddrivinglever mounted on said spindle, and arranged to actuate theexposing mechanism, a stud N on said driving-lever; ot' a disk Wprovided with an eccentric mounted on the said spindle, means forholding said disk in any desired position, a retarding-cam mounted onsaid eccentric and guided by the stud N, a retarding lever having a studadapted to engage said retarding-cam, and a pneumatic retarding deviceconnected with said retarding lever, substantially as described.

19. In a photographic sh utter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a spindle on the said casing, adrivinglever mountedon said spindle, and adapted to actuate the exposing mechanism, and astud N on said driving-lever; of a rotatable change-disk having aneccentric mounted on said spindle, an adjustable stop-arm operated bysaid eccentric, and provided with lugs at its free end, and guided bythe stud N on the driving-lever, a rotatable time-disk also having aneccentric mounted on said spindle, an adjustable retarding-cainoperatedby said eccentric and guided by the stud N on the driving-lever,a retarding-lever having a stud adapted to engage the saidretarding-cam, and a pneumatic retarding device connected With the saidretarding-lever, substantially as described.

20. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a spindle on the said casing, adrivinglever mountedon said spindle, and adapted to actuate the exposing mechanism, and astud N on said driving-lever, means for retaining the driving-lever inits set position and for releasing the same; of a rotatable change-diskhaving an eccentric mounted on said spindle, an adjustable stop-armoperated by said eccentric and provided With lugs at its free ends, andguided by the stud N on the driving-lever, a rotatable time-disk alsohavingan eccentric mounted on said spindle, an adjustable retarding-camoperated by said eccentric and guided by the stud N on thedriving-lever, means for holding the disks in any desired position, aretarding-lever having a stud adapted to engage the said retardingc'am,and a pneumatic retarding device connected with the saidretarding-lever, substantially as described.

21. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, asupportingarm upon said casing, a spindle on thesupporting-arm, and a springactuated driving-lever mounted on saidspindle and arranged to actuate the exposing mechanism; of a rotatabletime-disk provided with an eccentric, a retarding-cam opoes,ee5

erated by said eccentric, a retarding-lever having a stud to engage saidretarding-disk, a plunger connected with said retarding-lever, and acylinder adapted to receive said plunger and having a suitable air-vent,substantially as described.

92. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, a supportingarin upon said casing, a spindle on thesupporting-arm, and a springactuated d riving-lever mounted on saidspindle and arranged to actuate the exposing mechanism; of arotatabledisk provided with a series of holes, an eccentric on said timedisk, aplate on the casing havingan elastic part adapted to engage with any ofsaid holes, a retarding-cam operated by said eccentric, aretarding-lever having a stud to engage said retarding-disk, a plungerconnected with said retarding-lever, and a cylinder adapted to receivesaid plunger and having a suitable airvent, substantially as described.

Ina photographic shutter, the combination with the exposing mechanismofaspringactuated driving-lever arranged to actuate said exposingmechanism, an adjustable retarding-cam arranged to turn with saiddriving-lever, a retarding-lever having a stud adapted to engage saidretardingcam, a connection between the retarding-lever and thedriving-lever whereby the former is raised when the latter is set, and apneumatic retarding device connected with said retardinglever,sul'istantially as described.

24. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, and means for setting the same; of a releasingleverhaving an aperture therethrough, a spring on one side of saidreleasing-lever, and a stud on said spring projecting through saidaperture, substantially as described.

25. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, and means for setting the same; of a releasing-leverhaving a slot therethrongh, and a thumb-piece pivoted in said casing andhaving a lug at its inner end projecting into said slot in thereleasing-lever, substantially as described.

26. Ina photographic sh utter, the combination with the exposingmechanism, of a springactuated driving-lever, a spring-actuated doghaving an arm pivoted on said driving-lever and arranged to actuate saidexposing mechanism, an adjustable stop-arm arranged to turn with saiddriving-lever and having lugs thereon, and means for intercepting andreleasing said lugs, substantially as described.

27. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the exposingmechanisnnof a springactuated driving-lever, a spring-actuated doghaving an arm pivoted on said driving-lever and arranged to actuate saidexposing mechanism, a change-disk pivoted concentric with saiddriving-lever and having an eccentric thereon, a stop-arm mounted onsaid eccentric and arranged to turn with said driving-lever, lugs onsaid stop-arm, and means for intercepting and releasing said lugs,substantially as described.

28. In aphotographic shutter, the com bination with the casing and theexposing mechanism, of. a spring-actuated driving-lever pivoted in saidcasing, a spring-actuated dog pivoted on said driving-lever and arrangedto open said exposing mechanism, a changedisk pivoted eccentric withsaid driving-lever and having an eccentric thereon, a stoparm mounted onsaid eccentric and connected With said driving-lever to turn therewith,means for intercepting and releasing said stop-arm, and means forclosing the exposing mechanism when said stop arm is relcased,substantially as described.

29. Ina photographicshutter, the combination with the casing theexposing-blades pivoted in the said casing, a spring-actuateddriving-lever pivoted in the casing, and a spring-actuated dog on saiddriving-lever; of a movable operating-ring connected with said blades, acam on said ring adapted to receive the pressure of said dog to opensaid blades, and means for closing said blades, substantially asdescribed. a

30. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the casing theexposing-blades pivoted in the said casing, a spring-actuateddriving-lever pivoted in the casing, and aspring-actuated dog on saiddriving-lever; of a movable operating-ring connected with said blades, acam on said ring adapted to receive the pressure of said dog to opensaid blades, a spring for closing the blades, a device for retainingsaid blades when fully open, and means for releasing said retainingdevice, substantially as described.

LOUIS J. VOGT. Witnesses:

Gno. B. SELDEN, J. M. SHERMAN.

